Long-Term Cannabis Use Can Lead to This Lesser-Known Syndrome
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Medically reviewed by Robert Burakoff, MD
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a potential side effect of long-term and frequent cannabis use. CHS causes cyclic vomiting (repeated episodes of throwing up) and severe nausea that can lead to hospitalization from dehydration.
CHS Symptoms
If you have cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, you may experience:
- Nausea
- Repeated vomiting
- Abdominal discomfort
- High heart rate
- Tremors or shakiness
- Flushing (reddening of the skin)
CHS occurs in three stages: The prodromal stage, the hyperemetic stage, and the recovery stage. If you are a frequent cannabis user, you may cycle between these stages and have periods of intense symptoms followed by weeks to months without any.
Prodromal Stage Symptoms
Nausea without vomiting is the primary symptom of the prodromal stage. You’ll likely feel queasy and not want to eat. Your stomach may start to hurt, and you may feel fear about vomiting. This stage can last for months before moving onto the hyperemetic stage.
Hyperemetic Stage Symptoms
In this stage, the main symptom is cyclic vomiting and dry heaving up to several times per hour. You may also feel hot and shaky and feel like your heart is beating fast. During this stage, hot showers and baths can help with symptoms. This stage usually lasts about two days, but can be longer. That’s why it’s important to seek medical attention, especially if you become dehydrated.
Recovery Stage Symptoms
During the recovery stage, the nausea and vomiting improve over the course of days to weeks. You may feel well enough to eat again and resume your normal activities. The only definitive treatment for CHS is stopping cannabis use. If you do not completely stop cannabis use, then you may return to the prodromal stage after the recovery stage and repeat the symptoms cycle.
What Is Scromiting?
Scromiting is another symptom of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome. Scromiting is the combination of screaming and vomiting. The vomiting associated with CHS can be so severe that it’s painful, causing you to scream while you vomit. If you experience scromiting and have used cannabis, it is likely that you have CHS.
When To Contact a Doctor
If you experience symptoms related to cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, you should immediately stop using cannabis. CHS can cause severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. If you have any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention right away:
Questions To Ask Your Provider
If you decide to seek further care, consider asking your healthcare provider the following questions:
- What other health conditions can cause my nausea and vomiting?
- Can I use cannabis without getting CHS?
- Are there other ways to improve my symptoms besides a hot shower or bath?
- Is it safe to use cannabidiol (CBD) products?
